Shire Hall sagas

The recent work carried out to the façade of our Shire Hall gave a dated building a much needed facelift and brought it into the 21^st century. The Shire Hall is a pivotal building in any small community for it is usually the hub of civic administration. As Janice Wegner writes in her thesis ‘Hinchinbrook: The Hinchinbrook Shire Council, 1879-1979’: “At the heart of the business section is the Shire Hall; from here the Hinchinbrook Shire Council controls an extensive system of roads and community amenities, and regulates public health, safety, town planning, building, and many other of the multitude of functions given to local government.”

Furthermore it is the setting for some of the most significant events in people’s lives including debutant balls, wedding feasts, naturalization ceremonies, community revitalization workshops, industrial meetings, concerts, eisteddfods and so much more. Perhaps we shouldn’t get too fond of this particular building because it seems to be all too woefully common that beautiful buildings of our past have been deemed to be too old-fashioned or unfunctional and demolished. Even if they are still standing too many of them go unappreciated for the distinctive style of their architecture or their role in our history.

Where our Shire Hall now stands isn’t the original site. The first Divisional Board Hall was erected near Palm Creek and adjacent to the present Royal Hotel. The Board took advantage of government loans to borrow £600 to erect a Hall in 1883 and a further £500 in 1886 to enlarge it and add offices. Described as a "plain, unpretentious weatherboard structure, neither lined nor ceiled, of no architectural beauty" it was no more than a cottage, but it nonetheless sufficed for all Divisional Board (Shire Council after 1903) purposes, as well as doubling as a dance hall, and picture theatre leased by the Lyric Picture Co. with piano accompaniment played on a rented piano until the Council bought a piano in 1913. When the Board spent £277 furnishing the Hall it created much the same furore as occurred when a recent Council acquired a new Council meeting table. Then it was chairs "which are very massive and leather covered” which upset the rate payers!

The first Shire Hall was also a predecessor to our library with its reading room. Public meetings were held there as well as the agricultural section of the annual Show. It also provided shelter in flood and cyclone times. The building served as an occasional Mass centre after 1885 when Father James Cassar began visiting the Valley regularly. However he did not appreciate having to say Mass on a stage used by dancers and begged the community to build a church. He is on record as having said that “he would no more offer the Holy Sacrifice on the stage dedicated to the feet of the ballet dancer”! Rentals of the Shire Hall were a steady source of income until challenged by the building of other halls such as the Masonic Hall in 1901.

On the morning of Tuesday March 7, 1916 the first Shire Hall was destroyed by fire and with it, all books and records which were not kept in the safe which was too small, but on the Shire Clerk’s desk, though the contents of the safe and the piano were saved. Lost also were all the music, music stands and an instrument belonging to the Town Band, that were all stored in the hall. The fire was observed to have started in the office of the Shire Clerk. The story goes that an errant cigarette of the Shire Clerk was responsible. Russel Charles McWilliam, the Shire Clerk at the time, admitted to a Magisterial Inquiry held several weeks after the fire, to flicking his matches and throwing his butts on the ground and not checking if they were out. He also admitted that there was a bin near his desk which was full of paper and that there was paper on the floor. There was a suggestion, though the former Shire Chairman, Frank Cassady, thought it unlikely, that McWilliam had deliberately started the fire to destroy evidence of wrong doing. He had control or all cash and monies and was supposed to present a balance sheet at the General Meeting to be held that day. He had previously failed to present a balance sheet in February. Figures of revenue and expenditure presented previously to Ralph Godshall Johnson, Chairman of the Finance Committee,  by McWilliam, did not, according to Johnson tally, and McWilliam kept putting off presenting a balance sheet, saying that he was too busy to complete it. Whatever the truth of the situation was, the day the hall burnt day, was meant to be McWilliam’s last day as Shire Clerk anyway as he had enlisted. By the time of the inquiry Ralph G. Johnson, was the Shire Clerk (1916-1918).

Building a new Shire Hall did not proceed immediately given that the country was at war and Council was divided on whether to apply for a £7 000 government loan. There was also contention as to how the building should look, with some wanting a substantial brick building. Council meetings were held meanwhile, in the Court House. By November a tender from Messrs Hanson and Sons had been accepted and by December 1919, a government loan had been secured. As continues to happen today, when the Council decides to implement change, there was a petition of protest when the Council proposed a change of location for the future Shire Hall. Despite the protest the hall reserve was then changed from next to Palm Creek to its present site on the corner of Townsville Road and Lannercost Street: 25 Lannercost Street. Progress of building the new two storey building, constructed of local bricks and fronted with a stately façade, was held up by wet season rain. By June 1920 it was beginning to progress well. The use of returned soldier labour was a condition of the Government loan required for its construction.  The former Hall reserve was then auctioned for perpetual lease as two blocks.

By March 1921 the building was almost finished and equipped and leases arranged to various businesses including a dentist. The main lessee of the Hall was again a picture company, this time the Ingham Picture Company. The lessee installed an electricity generator. The Council bought back some of the Hall electricity supply to power twelve electric street lights.  Not unexpectedly, fireproof storage was installed for the Council records and fire extinguishers were at the ready. The Council did not use all the land acquired and there was a consequent altercation between the Council and the Lands Department, the latter refusing to allow the Council to lease the land, stating that the land was to be used only for the original intention: for Shire Hall purposes.

Despite being described “as the best in the north” in 1921, already in 1934 there were hopes to construct a new Shire Hall. Plans drawn up in 1937 featured two stories, an upstairs theatre and returned soldiers recreation room, and several shops and offices but finances were not available. The Ingham Picture Company, in return for being granted a virtual monopoly on picture theatre activity in the town of Ingham, undertook to carry out improvements to the theatre, and that, with extensions to the Hall and the enclosure of a verandah area, had to suffice.

Before the construction of an official Anzac Memorial in Lannercost Street in 1959 the Honour Roll was housed in the Shire Hall and Anzac Day ceremonies were conducted outside that building. Up until the disastrous 1927 flood when it became patently clear that a better warning system was needed, a red pennant was flown on a flagpole outside the Shire Hall to warn of an impending cyclone.

By the 1950s the Shire Hall was becoming increasingly inadequate for all the uses being demanded of it and so construction on a new Hall began in 1961. The work was carried out by J.E. Allen and Co. for £73,000. Again there was community outcry from some quarters over the "waste" of money on a new Hall rather than expanding the old. Nevertheless, in retrospect it was realized to have been a wise move. The present Shire Hall was officially opened on December 15, 1963, well in time for a sitting there, of State Cabinet in June of 1964. The facilities of the new Hall included air-conditioning, offices, shops and a hall capable of seating 650 people. It also included a theatre complete with a very practical soundproof crying room equipped with a picture window through which mothers could still watch the movie while nursing and comforting their fretful children.

By 1979, in the year of the 100 anniversary of Divisional Board (Hinchinbrook Shire Council) there was again talk of a new larger Shire Hall and Civic Centre that would more adequately meet the needs of a growing town and district, and not the least, relieve the ever growing pressure on office space for the Council's staff. However all that has transpired in the intervening years was that spaces were reconfigured with the store spaces disappearing. In 1987 the Shire Hall was refurbished and the one remaining picture theatre remaining in Ingham relocated to the refurbished J.L. Kelly Memorial Hall, the former library. There have been further interior refurbishments undertaken in 2014 and exterior refurbishments as recently as 2106. A mosaic which pictures iconic aspects of Ingham and district now adorns the Lannercost Street frontage.

Sources:

Vidonja Balanzategui, Bianka. Portrait of a Parish: A History of Saint Patrick’s Church and Parish Ingham 1864-1996. Ingham: St. Patrick’s Parish, 1998.

Vidonja Balanzategui, Bianka. The Herbert River Story. Ingham: Hinchinbrook Shire Council, 2011.

Wegner, Janice. “Hinchinbrook: The Hinchinbrook Shire Council, 1879-1979.” Masters of Arts diss., James Cook University of North Queensland, 1984.

“Ingham Shire Hall Burned.” The Brisbane Courier, March 8, 1916.

“Herbert River Notes.” Cairns Post, March 15, 1916.

“Shire Hall Fire.” Cairns Post, March 23, 1916.

“Herbert River Notes.” The Northern Herald, April 7, 1916.

“Herbert River Notes.” Cairns Post, October 11, 1916.

“Herbert River Notes.” Townsville Daily Bulletin, September 1, 1921.

 

Lannercost Street Ingham 1912. Divisional Board Hall on left. Hinchinbrook Shire Library photograph collection.

Ingham Town Hall 1920. Hinchinbrook Shire Library photograph collection

Ingham Shire Hall during 1977 flood. Note the shop fronts. Hinchinbrook Shire Library photograph collection.

"Ingham Hall," Daily Standard, March 7, 1916.

"Herbert River Notes," The Northern Miner, March 5, 1921.

  

Father Thomas Gard MBE

As a community we bask in the reflected glory of those members of our community who have taken heroic and courageous action on some distant battlefield and been recognized and rewarded for that action. One such is Keith Payne W.O. and there are probably few, young or old, who have not heard of him as the recipient of the VC AM. Another less known however is Thomas Gard, the son of Mr. and Mrs Thomas Gard of Victoria Estate.  The family had been long time stalwarts of the St Patrick Parish and it was much to their great pride when their Thomas Jnr. was the first local boy to be ordained a Catholic Priest. Such was the excitement and importance of the occasion to the Herbert River district that a special rail motor ran from Ingham to Townsville on the day of the ordination, December 3 1933, to permit friends and relatives to attend the ceremony held at the Sacred Heart Cathedral.

Less than ten years later, with World War 2 raging, he was released by the Diocese to serve as a military chaplain with the 2/4 3^rd Australian Infantry Battalion. During the siege of Tobruk, on August 3 1941, he rescued Australian casualties under heavy shell fire, even venturing fearlessly into enemy German lines.  The way that he achieved the rescue makes a remarkable and dramatic story. An eyewitness recorded that “The enemy recognised his feat of bravery, held their fire, enabled and assisted him to gather in the wounded. They gave him a cigarette, let him have a rest and guarded him safely back to the British lines, where he arrived with his truck filled with wounded.” While another recorded that Father Gard offered a German officer a cigarette while convincing him to allow the removal of Australian dead and injured. However he did not achieve this rescue without the equal bravery of others: Father Tom Gard stood on the running board of the truck driven by Private Keith Pope, while Sergeant Wally Tuit stood on the bonnet of the truck with Red Cross flag flying. Following that episode, he went on to Syria to the Battle of El Alamein, and then served in New Guinea in 1943 to 1944. By 1945 he was back in Ingham to celebrate the Golden Jubilee of his parents, which, as could be expected, given the Gards’ involvement in their parish, was attended by not only Bishop Ryan of Townsville but every priest of Halifax and Ingham parishes. In the same year Father Thomas Gard was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire in recognition of his “gallantry under fire”.

At his funeral held on July 26 1993 he was recalled as “A man’s man of no nonsense, loved sport to the point of being almost a fanatic, feared no man including the Bishop, he was loved by the whole community.  Another of our colourful and outstanding priests…” Even more recently a reminiscence recalled him as “a particularly delightful man with a wonderful understanding of mankind’s follies and faults. Loved a beer and was there every year at the RSL’s ANZAC Day dinner.”

Sources:

Vidonja Balanzategui, Bianka. Portrait of a Parish: A History of Saint Patrick’s Church and Parish Ingham 1864-1996. Ingham: St. Patrick’s Parish, 1998.

Frazer, Ian. “Bravery under fire.” Townsville Bulletin: Everyday History. Celebrating 150 years since the naming of Townsville. Volume 4, 2016.

The Pub. “Reflection: ANZAC Day 2013: 554 thoughts on Reflection: ANZAC Day 2013.” Comment by Scorpio6to2. April 25, 2013. Accessed July 13 2016.

https://pbxmastragics.com/2013/04/24/reflection-anzac-day-2013/comment-page-7/

 

September 3 1941, The Northern Miner

"New Year Honours," January 1 1945, The Canberra Times

January 2 1945, The Courier-Mail

Side Show Alley

As the Show comes to town with its side show alley, still within the recall of memory – as late as the 1980s – are the tents lining Side Show Alley where human oddities could be viewed: the half man/half woman; dwarfs, the bearded woman and such like. This so called pleasure in the ‘freak show ’, now so repugnant, was a remnant of the European appetite for spectacle, fed in such venues as the side show alley of fairgrounds, circuses, exhibitions and museums and in earlier times sated by the performances by Aboriginal Australians and other indigenous performers. A particularly tragic episode in the story of the displacement of the Indigenous inhabitants of the Herbert River Valley which played itself out in the 1880s occurred within the context of America’s and Europe’s appetite for the spectacle. Indigenous Australians, displaced by frontier conflict, vulnerable to spurious offers of employment, were plucked from their homelands and toured and displayed as “savages”, the “lowest order of human kingdom.” Their physical appearance and performances contrasted satisfyingly with the onlookers’ perceptions of themselves as superior, morally, physically, intellectually and technologically.  Only as recently as 2004, was the very real, though totally ignored, “odyssey of sorrow” of the Aboriginal Australians’ experience finally acknowledged and recounted. Robert A. Cunningham, showman recruiter for the circus impresario Phineas T. Barnum toured a group of nine Aborigines taken from the Palm Islands and the Herbert River Valley in the 1883 circus season in America as part of Barnum’s Ethnological Congress of Strange Savage Tribes. Within a year, the first of the group, Tambo, died. That fact that he died on “a bitter winter’s day” is a revealing pointer to the emotional trauma, physical discomforts and privations these people endured. After Tambo’s death Cunningham moved the group on rapidly, reaching England in April 1884. He left behind the body of Tambo which was embalmed and displayed at various locations well into the twentieth century. Cunningham then toured the group independently, through Europe but by November 1885 only three of the original group had survived, the others all perishing as a result of the “brutal disregard for the welfare of these touring troupes of indigenous people.” It is salutary to note that this number included a family group with young child. It was observed at the time that his greatest pleasure, like any small child’s, was riding on his father’s shoulders.  This disregard for their welfare had at its core the idea that they were “expendable”. Cunningham then returned to North Queensland in 1892 to inveigle another group of Aboriginal people (six men, two of whom were accompanied by their wives) ostensibly to appear in the Columbian Fair in Chicago in 1893.

The majority of this last group was Nywaigi and mystifyingly, a number appear to have come from Mungalla Station owned by James Cassady. Mungalla is at the heartland of Nywaigi territory. After his purchase of the property in 1882, three important camps of Nywaigi people remained and continued to pursue their hunter-gatherer lifestyle. They found a measure of safety on his properties and for this reason he was pejoratively described by a former officer of the Native Mounted Police, as a “black protector, for his own interests, and to the detriment of his neighbours’ property”. His neighbour, incidentally, at Mungalla, was Sub-Inspector Johnstone and his Native Mounted Police camp of Molonga. The mystery lies in how the Nywaigi people on Mungalla came to be in that 1892 touring group. It remains unclear, though the haste of their departure on a steamer bound for San Francisco indicates that it might have been achieved in Cassady’s absence or during a gathering at one of the Townsville fringe camps. That Cassady was expecting their return to the property is clear in his letter to A.S. Cowley, local Member of Parliament in which he asked him to investigate why they had not been returned.

During their time in America they were exploited, underfed, ill clothed, underpaid if not unpaid, and at the end of a tour left to their own devices. These were people who spoke English fluently, one of their number being attributed with articulating the sentiment that “We are not savages, although we are natives of a wild country”. Yet show after show they had to listen to a showman spruiking up their “ugliness”, their “cannibalism” and their “inferiority”. Only two of this second group were to return to Australia and when they did so they were met by the Townsville police, henceforth having their freedom curtailed by the Aboriginals Protection Act of 1897 . The “odyssey of sorrow” of these people has only finally had some closure when Tambo’s mummified body which was found in the basement of a closed funeral home in Cleveland, Ohio in 1993, was repatriated to Australia for burial on Palm Island after a ceremony to release his spirit was conducted by Indigenous American Indians in Cleveland. 

Quotes sourced from Poignant, R. Professional Savages, Captive Lives and Western Spectacle, UNSW Press, Sydney, 2004 and as quoted in 

Vidonja Balanzategui, Bianka. The Herbert River Story, Hinchinbrook Shire Council, Ingham, 2011 from which, post has been lifted substantially from. 

1883 group source: http://www.mungallaaboriginaltours.com.au/gallery/event/historical

Mungalla homestead source: http://www.mungallaaboriginaltours.com.au/gallery/event/historical